Abstract: Starting from the serious issue represented by nosocomial sepsis, associated with an important increase in morbidity and mortality, long-term hospitalization and high costs, the aim of the study is to analyze the frequency of this illness in County Clinical Hospital Sibiu. We selected for this study patients hospitalized in the clinical departments of our hospital, between January 2006 and August 2007, with positive hemocultures. For each such patient we had regard to the inclusion criteria of nosocomial sepsis, having in view the general data, previous health status, aggravating factors, the etiology, the response to etiologic therapy. Results: from all 385 nosocomial infections during 2006, nosocomial sepsis was identified in 24 cases, representing 6,23%; in 2007, from the 123 patients with nosocomial infections, 6 cases were defined as nosocomial sepsis, meaning 4,88%. The majority was associated with the male sepsis patients - 24 cases, with main incidence at age range 50 to 60 (8 cases), followed by the age range 40 to 50 (7 cases) and over 60 (also 7 cases). The risk factors related to the development of sepsis were: multiple traumatic injuries, comatous patients (5 cases), abdominal surgical interventions (10 cases), neoplasia (6), diabetes mellitus (5 cases, out of which 3 new identified ones), chronic renal failure (1 case). 24 cases were indentified in The Intensive Therapy Service, at patients with central venous catheterism (10 patients), hemodialysis catheter placement (1 case), mechanical ventilation for more than 5 days (16 cases), urinary catheterism (12) or patients who stayed in hospital for more than 3 weeks (15 patients). The etiology of nosocomial sepsis was represented by gram-positive bacteria: Staphylococcus (9 cases), Enterococcus (5 cases); 18 infected patients with gram-negative bacteria: Acinetobacter (7 cases), Klebsiella and Enterobacter in 3 cases, Escherichia Coli (2 cases), Pyocianic bacillus, Chryseomonas luteola and Serratia each one case; Candida (6 cases). Six patients had combined etiology, one of them presenting 3 different isolated strains. All Staphylococcus aureus strains were Methicillin-resistant. Enterobacter and Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Klebsiella strains appears to be sensible to Carbapenems, while Acinetobacter keeps 100% susceptibility only to Colistin.
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